Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a seriously disabling condition, and work participation rates among people with SCI are substantially below that of the general population. In this chapter evidence on work participation and vocational rehabilitation of people with SCI is summarized. First, the characteristics and consequences are described. These include motor and sensory impairment below the level of the SCI and possible secondary health conditions. Second, work participation rates and determinants of work are described. An overall work participation rate of 37% has been reported but with wide variation across countries. A multitude of non-modifiable determinants of work has been described, such as age, sex and ethnicity, type of SCI, and time since onset of SCI. Also, many modifiable factors influencing work have been described, such as functional ability, level of education, motivation, and the availability of workplace accommodations and vocational rehabilitation services. Third, vocational rehabilitation (VR) is described. VR should ideally start early after onset of SCI and be tailored to the individual with SCI. Evidence on specific VR interventions is sparse, but beneficial effects of individual placement and support have been reported.